Revista Mineira de Contabilidade

JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING OF MINAS GERAIS

Informações Editoriais — 2025-05-16

Quarterly publication
Volume 26, n.1, january/april 2025
ISSN 2446-9114

Editor's Note

Profa. Dra. Nálbia de Araújo Santos — 2025-05-16

In 2025, issue number 26 of the 1st quarter of the Revista Mineira de Contabilidade (RMC) publishes all articles in Portuguese and English. In this way, the MRC takes another step to expand the dissemination of the articles published in its editions, as well as to meet the purpose of disseminating the studies published here to other countries.

INCREMENTAL CHANGE OR REORIENTATION OF THE FOUNDATIONS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING

Marcelo Marchine Ferreira — 2025-05-16

Competency. This is the pillar that underpins Resolution CNE/CES No. 01/2024, which addresses the new National Curriculum Guidelines for Accounting programs (NCGs). Not that Resolution CNE/CES No. 10/2004 (the previous NCGs) ignored it, but it did not consider it, at the time, as the central focus of the educational process it guided. Those were different times, and perhaps the needs were also different. Twenty years have passed, and during this interval, many changes have taken place. We have witnessed profound social, geopolitical, and economic transformations. These transformations, especially in business, have significantly impacted the accounting profession. The intensification of technology in the field, through the digitization of a large part of accounting processes and, more recently, the application of artificial intelligence, for example, has altered – and even redefined – the profile of professional practice and, therefore, the professionals themselves.

ACCESSORY TAX OBLIGATIONS

Nicole Rocha Carvalho — 2025-05-16

The aim of this study was to analyze the perception of students and teachers about the teaching of content related to accessory tax obligations in the Accounting course at the Federal University of Uberlândia, Pontal campus. The research is descriptive in nature, with a quantitative approach to data analysis. The data was collected using questionnaires, with 84 responses from students and nine responses from teaching staff. The results show that students don’t feel prepared to work with accessory tax obligations, just as there are teachers who don’t feel qualified to teach subjects that deal with this issue. Among the teaching strategies for approaching the subjects that include ancillary tax obligations, there is agreement between the opinions of students and teachers, who highlighted lectures and expositive classes as being the most used. It was noted that the curriculum of the course analyzed provides a basic understanding of these obligations, with some students and teachers considering the content offered to be satisfactory for the job market, while others classified it as unsatisfactory. In general, students and lecturers emphasize the importance of teaching obligations, including the need for extracurricular activities to complement and expand the teaching-learning process and, consequently, this knowledge.

MANAGERIAL ARTIFACTS AND INNOVATION

Stela Ribeiro de Sant'Ana — 2025-05-16

The Feira Hippie de Goiânia has a historical-cultural heritage value for the city, moving the entire production chain and generating a great impact on the local economy. The general objective of the research is to verify if there is a positive relationship between the use of managerial artifacts and the degree of innovation on the part of the Feira Hippie de Goiânia marketers. It is an exploratory study with a quantitative approach in which the method of data collection will be a physical questionnaire applied to the Feira Hippie de Goiânia marketers. Descriptive statistics tests and Person correlation analysis were applied to the collected data. The results demonstrate that there is a positive relationship between the use of management artifacts and the degree of innovation of the stallholders at the Hippie Fair in Goiânia, being second-order factors. Furthermore, it was possible to verify that, by increasing the using first-order factors of heritage artifacts and results and platform innovation, it would trigger an increase in the use of several other factors. Furthermore, the research investigates the characterization of the Hippie Fair fairgrounds, as well as its main administrative and innovative practices. These results can serve as a source of information to guide future practices and training, aiming to assist their evolution in these contexts.

INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS AND PUBLIC SPENDING

Elizete Aparecida de Magalhães — 2025-05-16

The Municipal Participation Fund (FPM, acronym in Portuguese) is a significant source of financial transfers from the federal government to municipalities, aiming to promote fiscal equity and support the financing of local expenditures. This study seeks to assess the effect of the fund on municipal spending in Minas Gerais. For this analysis, we employed a dynamic panel data regression methodology, and applied to a sample of 677 out of 853 municipalities in Minas Gerais, covering the period from 2008 to 2018, with the FPM as the variable of interest. The results indicate that public spending exhibit a dynamic behaviour, with past expenditures influencing current spending levels. We also observed that the receipt of the fund transfers generated an expansive effect on municipal public spending, highlighting the flypaper effect among municipalities in Minas Gerais, during the analyzed period. Overall, the findings confirm the hypothesis that public spendings of the municipalities in Minas Gerais were positively impacted by the FPM.

PERCEPTIONS OF MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES INVOLVED IN LEGISLATIVE TRANSPARENCY IN MUNICIPALITIES IN MINAS GERAIS

Verônica Ketley Silva — 2025-05-16

Although the three government branches fall subject to the same laws, there remain differences in their degrees of transparency. Moreover, studies show gaps regarding transparency in municipal legislature as the literature shows a predominance of the evaluations from transparency portals, with few in-depth analyses on this theme. Thus, this study aims to analyze the perception of the employees in the city councils in Minas Gerais about the quality of transparency of their electronic portals. To collect data, a structured questionnaire was applied to the councils in Minas Gerais. In total, 100 responses were obtained from the 853 considered municipalities. The data were analyzed by frequency tables, statistical tests, and the Cronbach’s alpha to assess the degree of reliability of the obtained answers. Results showed that some characteristics of respondents influence the evaluation of transparency quality: civil servants with better training, effective agents, employees who have been working longer in their occupation, accountants, and internal controllers showed greater care when assessing transparency issues. The perception of the quality of transparency is associated with the training of civil servants. This socially relevant study can help the council managers in Minas Gerais to improve their transparency policies based on the knowledge of the characteristics and competencies of their staff.

INFLUENCE OF COVID-19 ON FISCAL AGGRESSIVENESS OF ELECTRIC ENERGY SECTOR COMPANIES LISTED ON B3

Lúcio de Souza Machado — 2025-05-16

This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tax aggressiveness of companies listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange (B3) in the electricity sector. A total of 41 companies were analyzed from 2009 to 2022. Tax aggressiveness was assessed using the effective tax payment rate (CASHETR) and Effective Tax Rate (ETR). The primary independent variable of interest was a dummy variable representing the pandemic period (COVID-19), while Return on Assets (ROA), leverage (LEV), and Company Size (TAM) served as control variables. Two panel data regression models are employed to test the hypothesis that COVID-19 influences companies’ tax aggressiveness. The findings indicate that companies exhibited increased tax aggressiveness during the COVID-19 period for the dependent variable, CASHETR, thereby supporting the established hypothesis. Regarding the control variables, the results demonstrate that ROA has a significant positive effect on tax aggressiveness, suggesting that companies with higher returns on assets tend to adopt less aggressive tax strategies. The LEV variable yielded varying results across models but was statistically significant in both models. Conversely, the TAM did not show statistical significance. It is concluded that electric power companies engaged in tax management during the COVID-19 pandemic, seeking more effective strategies to reduce tax liabilities and mitigate the impact of the crisis.

INDEPENDENT AUDIT ROTATION AND EARNINGS MANAGEMENT

Michele Cristina Bueno de Sena Tomaz Sena — 2025-05-16

This study aimed to verify how the earnings management of companies in the agricultural sector is affected by the rotation of independent auditors. A descriptive study with a quantitative approach was carried out. The research sample comprised Brazilian companies listed on B3 in the agricultural sector from 2012 to 2022. Panel data regression with the Pae (2005) model was used to estimate the accruals. The results showed that the FCO (Operating Cash Flow) variables were significant at 99%, which allows us to affirm that they impact the sample’s earnings management in the period analyzed. Similarly, when analyzing the variable AT (Total Accruals), there was a high average value (11.20), indicating higher incidences of earnings management in some years. When examining whether the type of rotation influences the level of earnings management, the result showed that when the exchange is voluntary, earnings management is (2.09) higher. In addition, when testing whether the replacement of the independent auditor for a Big-Four company influences the level of earnings management, it was found that changes of Big-Four/Non-Big-Four and Non-Big-Four/Big-Four did not have a sufficient sample to calculate the significance of the study, showing that this is less common in the agricultural sector. Even so, it can be seen that the exchanges of Non Big-Four to Non-Big-Four have lower earnings management than the others.

CEO NARCISSISM AND REAL ACTIVITY MANAGEMENT

Niara Gonçalves da Cruz — 2025-05-16

This study aims to examine the influence of narcissistic Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) on real earnings management. The analysis is based on a sample of 111 companies, comprising 543 firm-year observations of publicly traded firms listed on B3 (the Brazilian Stock Exchange). CEO narcissism was measured using a linguistic approach, calculating the proportion of first-person singular possessive and personal pronouns relative to the total use of first-person pronouns in CEOs’ speech during earnings conference calls. Earnings management was evaluated using the three models proposed by Roychowdhury (2006), which detect manipulation through operational cash flow, production costs, and discretionary expenditures. To test the proposed hypotheses, panel data modeling was employed using Generalized Least Squares (GLS), with corrections for heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation. The findings indicate that CEOs exhibiting higher levels of narcissism, particularly when serving on the board of directors, are more likely to engage in earnings management through operational cash flow and discretionary expenses. The results also suggest a substitutive relationship between accrual-based earnings management and real activities manipulation. Moreover, during periods of economic recession, the level of earnings management tends to decline in terms of operational cash flow manipulation, but increases in the manipulation of discretionary expenditures. These findings contribute to corporate governance literature by emphasizing the importance of implementing monitoring mechanisms and adopting more rigorous hiring practices to mitigate potential unethical behavior associated with executive narcissism.

Summary

Sumário — 2025-05-16

Organized list of titles and subtitles that make up the magazine edition.